Saying · During the early Madani period; the Prophet ﷺ would ride to Quba roughly once a week, usually on a Monday.
Whoever does wudu from his house and then prays 2 rak'at in Masjid Quba will get the reward of a full Umrah.
~Wednesday-Thursday, Rabi' al-Awwal 1 AH · 1 AH
Scholars read this differently
Qur'an 9:108's "mosque founded on taqwa" is understood by the majority to mean Masjid Quba, though the Prophet ﷺ also affirmed the description of Masjid al-Nabawi as "this masjid of mine", resolved as both being built upon taqwa from their first day.
The Prophet ﷺ built the first masjid in Madinah, Masjid Quba, at Quba, the settlement on the edge of Madinah where he first stopped after the Hijrah. He began it once Ali RA arrived, two or three days after he himself had reached Quba. The Prophet ﷺ laid the first stone himself. Ali RA and Abu Bakr RA continued after him, and then the Ansar, the Muslims of Madinah, took over the work.
The Prophet ﷺ left for central Madinah on the Friday morning, before the masjid was finished. So Masjid Quba was the first masjid he began, but Masjid al-Nabawi was the first he completed and prayed in himself. Even before either was built, the Ansar already had a makeshift place for the Friday prayer, most likely the house of As'ad ibn Zurarah RA.
In a hadith in Abu Dawud, the people of Quba were asked why Allah had praised them in the Qur'an in a way He did not praise others. They explained that after relieving themselves they would wipe and then wash with water. Most people at the time only wiped.
Scholars differ over whether Qur'an 9:108, which speaks of "a mosque founded on taqwa (God-consciousness) from the first day," means Masjid Quba or Masjid al-Nabawi. The majority say it means Masjid Quba. One reason is that the same verse also speaks of Masjid al-Dirar, which stood nearby. Another is the Abu Dawud hadith about the people of Quba and their purification. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever does wudu from his house and then prays 2 rak'at in Masjid Quba will get the reward of a full Umrah." He would ride there at least once a week, usually on a Monday.
Other events recorded in 1 AH. Their order within the year is not established; use the storyline above for the sequence.
Whoever does wudu from his house and then prays 2 rak'at in Masjid Quba will get the reward of a full Umrah.
لَا تَقُمْ فِيهِ أَبَدًا ۚ لَّمَسْجِدٌ أُسِّسَ عَلَى التَّقْوَىٰ مِنْ أَوَّلِ يَوْمٍ أَحَقُّ أَن تَقُومَ فِيهِ ۚ فِيهِ رِجَالٌ يُحِبُّونَ أَن يَتَطَهَّرُوا ۚ وَاللَّهُ يُحِبُّ الْمُطَّهِّرِينَ
“A mosque founded on taqwa from the first day”
Majority scholarly opinion: this verse's "mosque founded on taqwa" refers to Masjid Quba, supported by a hadith in Abu Dawud about the people of Quba's practice of purification with water.